What is a 'dead leg' in a piping layout?

In a piping layout, a 'dead leg' refers specifically to a length of pipe that serves no purpose in the system. This term is used to describe sections of piping that are not connected to any active points of use or flow, leading to stagnation of fluid within that section. Dead legs can pose risks, particularly in plumbing and process systems, as they can lead to the accumulation of sediment, bacterial growth, or changes in water quality since the water does not circulate.

The concept of a dead leg is crucial in plumbing and piping design to ensure proper flow and maintain system hygiene. By identifying and minimizing dead legs, systems can be designed for efficiency and safety, which is particularly important in settings where water quality is a concern, such as in medical facilities or food processing. Understanding the implications of dead legs helps pipefitters ensure compliance with health codes and reduce the potential for water contamination or other issues related to stagnant fluid.